Mangrove ecosystems are unique coastal wetlands found in tropical and subtropical regions, where salt-tolerant trees and shrubs thrive at the interface between land and sea. These ecosystems serve as ecological buffers, absorbing wave energy and preventing shoreline erosion, while simultaneously acting as biological nurseries for a wide array of marine lifeincluding fish, crustaceans, and molluscs.
Indonesia hosts the largest expanse of mangrove forests in the world, covering over 3 million hectares across its archipelagic coastline. These ecosystems serve as vital carbon sinks, biodiversity reservoirs, and natural buffers against coastal hazards. Despite their ecological significance, Indonesian mangroves have faced extensive deforestation and degradation due to aquaculture expansion, urban development, and unsustainable resource use.
Indonesian mangroves represent a critical intersection of ecological resilience, climate strategy, and community-based development. Their protection and restoration are essential for achieving Indonesia’s low-carbon development goals and safeguarding coastal livelihoods.